Journal of Ayurveda and Holistic Medicine (JAHM) Impact factor SJIF (2012): 3.167

Raktamokshan (bloodletting) is a unique treatment /procedure of ancient Indian medicines. It is commonly used for the detoxification through which a state of health is maintained as well as diseases could be cured with the help of it. It is also known as bloodletting technique in which the impure blood is taken out from the patient’s body who is suffering from disease. Hence this procedure detoxifies rakta dhatu(blood) with different methods according to the prakriti(constitution) of the patient. The present study is to compile various methods of raktamokshan in different diseases and its benefits.

Bhallataka is a famous plant with remarkable medicinal properties known to the Indians since ages. Of late, its popularity and importance is at stake. The main reason is the occurrence of adverse reaction during its use. The reaction is somewhat idiosyncratic and presents mainly with the blisters. Though, the Ayurvedic therapeutics have mentioned few remedial measures, yet, there is a need for an effective therapy. Better chance for developing an effective antidote is only possible, if the regional literature wherein Bhallataka  is used for various purposes, is studied. Khagendra mani darpanam- a regional work describes various remedial measures to treat the poisonous effect of Bhallataka. This article reveals 22remedial measures by using 23 plant sources.

The creation of garbha in the garbhashya by the permutation of Shukra and Artava with atma is known as garbha. So this process is known as garbhadhana.

It is mainly explained by Acharya Charak, According to him there are six factor i.e. matrujadi shad bhava which are helps in the formation of garbha and development of angapratyangas. Other than these six bhavas there are shaddhatwatmaka bhavas i.e.akashaja, vayaviya, agneya, jalaiya, parthiva, and atmaja have the influence on the constitution of the body. When shaddhatu come together garbha is formed, hence garbha is known as the product of panchamahabhutas and seat of chetana, Hence chetana is the 6^th dhatu. Panchamahabhutais the core fundamental aspect of Ayurveda. It is the five basic material constituents which exist in the universe.and human beings. And because of chetana the garbha remains alive upto the prasava(delivery).

The entire physical, chemical, biochemical changes precipitating inside the body, are only because of different pattern of combination and mode of action of panchamahabhutas.

 So there is need of time to elaborate to explain the role of shaddhatwaatmaka bahva i.e panchamahabhuta and atma in development of garbha.

Key words: Panchamahabhuta, Atma, Shaddhatwatmaka bhava , Garbha, foetus.

In  today’s  era  of  globalisation  and  large  scale  production  of  Ayurvedic  formulations,  there  is  an  increasing  need  to  enhance  the  shelf  life  of  certain  dosage  forms.  Shelf  life  can  be  enhanced  by  modifying  the  dosage  forms  by  adopting  modern  technologies. Granulation  is  one  such  modern  technology  through  which  many  dosage  forms  like  swarasa,  kwatha,  churna,  avaleha  etc  can  be  modified.  Apart  from  increasing  the  shelf  life,  granule  form  of  the  medicament  is  having  added  benefits  like  rendering  palatability  to  the  drug,  improving  product  appearance,  convenience  in  handling,  dispensing,  and  storage.  It  even  improves  dissolution  of  the  drug,  thus  assuring  maximum  absorption  and  bio-availability.  But  while  adopting  these  modern  technologies  utmost  concern  should  be  taken  so  that  desired  therapeutic  efficacy  of  the  drug  is  not  compromised. This  paper  will  shed  light  upon  the  details  of  various  granulation  techniques,  their  merits  and  de-merits  when  adopted  to  Ayurvedic  formulations.

Ancient texts of Ayurveda are embedded with enormous wisdom and need to be studies for the better knowledge regarding science. Other than brihatrayi and laghutrayi, there are many texts which add some valuable information to the science of Ayurveda. nadi pariksha (pulse examination) is a unique concept of Ayurveda which is much more beyond mere pulse examination told in contemporary modern science. It is used as diagnostic, prognostic tool and gives idea regarding the prakruti (body constitution) of person. There are very few ancient texts which have been completely dedicated to the above topic. “Nadi Pariksha” written by Acharya Ravana is one among such texts details of which are presented here.

Ayurveda is the science of life, since time immemorial, Ayurveda has been showing the ideal way of living, which promises a disease-free, happy and long life. The prime etiopathogenic factor of Arshas is Mandagni, which in turn leads to constipation, prolonged contact of accumulated Mala or excretory material to Gudavali causes development of Arshas. Acharya Sushruta described four principal therapeutic measures in the management of Arshas i.e. Bhesaja Chikitsa (Medical treatment), Kshara karma (Caustic therapy), Agnikarma (Thermal cautery) and Shastra karma (SurgeryDifferent modalities. The Patient selected with classical signs and symptoms of Abhyantara Arsha. As per the available treatment modalities of Arsha, the Kshara karma modality is the best one, taking into the consideration its convenience, easy adoptability, cost-effectiveness and curative results. Under this para-surgical procedure, various forms of external Kshara application are used in treating the Arsha. These are Ksharasutra Ligation (KSL), Ksharpatan, etc. Kshara sutra ligation is a surgical procedure, while Ksharapatan vidhi is local application and seems to be effective with an easy procedure. Several studies of ksharapatan had been conducted.  Kadali Pratisaraneeya Kshara was applied in internal haemorrhoids. The signs and symptoms of Abhyantara Arsha was bleeding per rectum, Pain, Burning sensation, sloughing of pile mass and discharge of Arshas were assessed before and after the completion of treatment. In this article described inclusion criteria, exclusion criteria, methodology, procedure, mode of action and results. After the treatment of applying Pratisaraneeya Kshara application 100% relief in bleeding, reduction in sloughing of pile mass and total reduction in size of pile mass was recorded. Kadali Pratisaraneeya Kshara provided better relief in pain, bleeding, sloughing of the pile mass of the patients. Recently these invented techniques have got one or the other type of limitations as well as have not been proven free from post-operative complications. Hence it leaves a scope to switch over a new and better type of treatment which should be free from all such complications and give the cure in reasonable shorter time, as well as, proves economically better.

Raktamokshan (bloodletting) is a unique treatment /procedure of ancient Indian medicines. It is commonly used for the detoxification through which a state of health is maintained as well as diseases could be cured with the help of it. It is also known as bloodletting technique in which the impure blood is taken out from the patient’s body who is suffering from disease. Hence this procedure detoxifies rakta dhatu(blood) with different methods according to the prakriti(constitution) of the patient. The present study is to compile various methods of raktamokshan in different diseases and its benefits.

Bhallataka is a famous plant with remarkable medicinal properties known to the Indians since ages. Of late, its popularity and importance is at stake. The main reason is the occurrence of adverse reaction during its use. The reaction is somewhat idiosyncratic and presents mainly with the blisters. Though, the Ayurvedic therapeutics have mentioned few remedial measures, yet, there is a need for an effective therapy. Better chance for developing an effective antidote is only possible, if the regional literature wherein Bhallataka  is used for various purposes, is studied. Khagendra mani darpanam- a regional work describes various remedial measures to treat the poisonous effect of Bhallataka. This article reveals 22remedial measures by using 23 plant sources.

The creation of garbha in the garbhashya by the permutation of Shukra and Artava with atma is known as garbha. So this process is known as garbhadhana.

It is mainly explained by Acharya Charak, According to him there are six factor i.e. matrujadi shad bhava which are helps in the formation of garbha and development of angapratyangas. Other than these six bhavas there are shaddhatwatmaka bhavas i.e.akashaja, vayaviya, agneya, jalaiya, parthiva, and atmaja have the influence on the constitution of the body. When shaddhatu come together garbha is formed, hence garbha is known as the product of panchamahabhutas and seat of chetana, Hence chetana is the 6^th dhatu. Panchamahabhutais the core fundamental aspect of Ayurveda. It is the five basic material constituents which exist in the universe.and human beings. And because of chetana the garbha remains alive upto the prasava(delivery).

The entire physical, chemical, biochemical changes precipitating inside the body, are only because of different pattern of combination and mode of action of panchamahabhutas.

 So there is need of time to elaborate to explain the role of shaddhatwaatmaka bahva i.e panchamahabhuta and atma in development of garbha.

Key words: Panchamahabhuta, Atma, Shaddhatwatmaka bhava , Garbha, foetus.

In  today’s  era  of  globalisation  and  large  scale  production  of  Ayurvedic  formulations,  there  is  an  increasing  need  to  enhance  the  shelf  life  of  certain  dosage  forms.  Shelf  life  can  be  enhanced  by  modifying  the  dosage  forms  by  adopting  modern  technologies. Granulation  is  one  such  modern  technology  through  which  many  dosage  forms  like  swarasa,  kwatha,  churna,  avaleha  etc  can  be  modified.  Apart  from  increasing  the  shelf  life,  granule  form  of  the  medicament  is  having  added  benefits  like  rendering  palatability  to  the  drug,  improving  product  appearance,  convenience  in  handling,  dispensing,  and  storage.  It  even  improves  dissolution  of  the  drug,  thus  assuring  maximum  absorption  and  bio-availability.  But  while  adopting  these  modern  technologies  utmost  concern  should  be  taken  so  that  desired  therapeutic  efficacy  of  the  drug  is  not  compromised. This  paper  will  shed  light  upon  the  details  of  various  granulation  techniques,  their  merits  and  de-merits  when  adopted  to  Ayurvedic  formulations.

Ancient texts of Ayurveda are embedded with enormous wisdom and need to be studies for the better knowledge regarding science. Other than brihatrayi and laghutrayi, there are many texts which add some valuable information to the science of Ayurveda. nadi pariksha (pulse examination) is a unique concept of Ayurveda which is much more beyond mere pulse examination told in contemporary modern science. It is used as diagnostic, prognostic tool and gives idea regarding the prakruti (body constitution) of person. There are very few ancient texts which have been completely dedicated to the above topic. “Nadi Pariksha” written by Acharya Ravana is one among such texts details of which are presented here.

Ayurveda is the science of life, since time immemorial, Ayurveda has been showing the ideal way of living, which promises a disease-free, happy and long life. The prime etiopathogenic factor of Arshas is Mandagni, which in turn leads to constipation, prolonged contact of accumulated Mala or excretory material to Gudavali causes development of Arshas. Acharya Sushruta described four principal therapeutic measures in the management of Arshas i.e. Bhesaja Chikitsa (Medical treatment), Kshara karma (Caustic therapy), Agnikarma (Thermal cautery) and Shastra karma (SurgeryDifferent modalities. The Patient selected with classical signs and symptoms of Abhyantara Arsha. As per the available treatment modalities of Arsha, the Kshara karma modality is the best one, taking into the consideration its convenience, easy adoptability, cost-effectiveness and curative results. Under this para-surgical procedure, various forms of external Kshara application are used in treating the Arsha. These are Ksharasutra Ligation (KSL), Ksharpatan, etc. Kshara sutra ligation is a surgical procedure, while Ksharapatan vidhi is local application and seems to be effective with an easy procedure. Several studies of ksharapatan had been conducted.  Kadali Pratisaraneeya Kshara was applied in internal haemorrhoids. The signs and symptoms of Abhyantara Arsha was bleeding per rectum, Pain, Burning sensation, sloughing of pile mass and discharge of Arshas were assessed before and after the completion of treatment. In this article described inclusion criteria, exclusion criteria, methodology, procedure, mode of action and results. After the treatment of applying Pratisaraneeya Kshara application 100% relief in bleeding, reduction in sloughing of pile mass and total reduction in size of pile mass was recorded. Kadali Pratisaraneeya Kshara provided better relief in pain, bleeding, sloughing of the pile mass of the patients. Recently these invented techniques have got one or the other type of limitations as well as have not been proven free from post-operative complications. Hence it leaves a scope to switch over a new and better type of treatment which should be free from all such complications and give the cure in reasonable shorter time, as well as, proves economically better.